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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Plan a cave dive.
  2. Select, fit and use cave diving equipment.
  3. Perform cave dives.
  4. Use cave diving specific navigation skills.
  5. Apply cave diving skills for extended cave systems or exploration.
  6. Evaluate cave diving activity.

Required Skills

Required skills

problemsolving skills to

check equipment serviceability prior to use

identify and negotiate potential hazards risks and stressful situations

apply cave diving navigation and antisilting techniques

maintain buoyancy control in extended cave systems

planning and organising skills to

access information on cave diving site

prepare a dive plan

select and fit equipment

apply minimal impact and underwater cave exploration techniques

communication skills to

convey information regarding dive to other participants

inform progress and interact with buddy through established communication systems

teamwork skills to safely monitor and assist buddy throughout cave dive

first aid and emergency response skills appropriate to the site to enable initial response to emergencies and personal health care

Required knowledge

legislation and organisational policies and procedures to enable safe conduct of all advanced cave diving activities

types and characteristics of equipment to enable selection use and maintenance

features of a waterfilled extended cave system and how to safely negotiate and explore these

factors affecting buoyancy to control sinking and floating

hazards risks and sources of stress commonly associated with cave diving and exploring new sections of a cave

exploration techniques used for diving in extended cave systems or exploring new sections of a cave

communication systems and buddy diving procedures suitable for cave diving

cave diving specific navigation techniques including line placement and use of a cave reel to avoid getting lost under water

emergency first aid and rescue procedures appropriate to the location to ensure risk minimisation to self and group

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance criteria required skills and knowledge range statement and the Assessment Guidelines for the Training Package

Overview of assessment

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Evidence of the following is essential

applies processes to devise a suitable dive plan and select maintain and fit dive equipment for the specific cave dive

negotiates hazards risks and features of a waterfilled extended cave system using various techniques causing minimal environmental impact

applies navigation techniques to move through the waterfilled cave efficiently and communicates with and monitors buddys progress

evaluates and reflects on own cave diving performance to identify strengths weaknesses and areas that need improvement

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Assessment must ensure participation in advanced cave diving activities in extended cave systems that reflect local conditions and are of sufficient breadth and duration to demonstrate competency and consistency of performance

Assessment must also ensure access to

information on the cave dive site to plan a cave dive and select equipment

suitable locations including at least one fresh water for the conduct of advanced or extended cave diving activities

a suitable buddy to participate in dive process

diving safety and rescue communication and navigation equipment

Method of assessment

A range of assessment methods should be used to assess practical skills and knowledge The following examples are appropriate for this unit

oral or written questioning to assess knowledge of cave diving techniques hazards and risks and techniques to minimise environmental impact

observation of safe participation and communication with buddy throughout diving process

copy of dive plans

thirdparty reports from a supervisor detailing performance

Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector workplace and job role is recommended

Guidance information for assessment


Range Statement

The range statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording, if used in the performance criteria, is detailed below. Essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) may also be included.

Dive plan may include:

objectives

maximum time and depth

gas consumption and rules

planned turn around

roles and sequence of divers within the group

communication signals

decompression requirements

staging cylinders.

Relevant legislation may include:

occupational health and safety

cave access and permit requirements

environmental regulations.

Organisational policies and procedures may include:

occupational health and safety

risk management and emergency procedures

communication protocols

manufacturer's design specifications and recommendations for equipment use

Australian Speleological Federation Codes and Guidelines:

Cave Safety Guidelines

Code of Ethics and Conservation

Minimal Impact Caving Code

Cave Diving Code of Practice.

Hazards may include:

rock piles

unstable roof

changing surface weather conditions

phobias

darkness

water depth

decompression

entanglement

current.

Risks may include:

near drowning

hypothermia

injury

separation from group or buddy

cramps

exhaustion

Decompression Illness (DCI).

Sources of stress may include:

light failure

lost buddy

out of air situation

silt out

lost line

cold water

narcosis

dislodged mask.

Communication system may include:

hand signals

light signals

line signals

torch signals

written notes.

Personal equipment may include:

diving equipment

safety and rescue equipment

communication equipment

navigation equipment.

Group equipment may include, but not be limited to:

shot-lines

decompression or safety tanks

emergency first aid equipment.

Underwater breathing systems may include:

multiple redundant SCUBA

staged SCUBA cylinders rigged and placed within the cave

re-breather systems

mixed gas SCUBA.

Cave diving skills may include:

anti-silting

buoyancy control

propulsion

navigation.

Buoyancy control may include:

correct weighting

hovering

controlled descent and ascent

level swimming

positive or negative buoyancy for specific circumstances.

Anti-silting techniques may include:

buoyancy control

propulsion techniques

gear management

body trim.

Minimal impact techniques may include:

avoiding sensitive areas

keeping to marked routes.

Features may include:

squeezes

rock-piles

sumps

streams

water pools

thermoclines

haloclines

silty floors

loose roofs

speleothems

bones

fossils

fixed lines

survey stations

current.

Strategies to reduce risk may include:

pre-dive checks

low silting propulsion

continuous guidelines to the surface

redundant breathing gas and regulator supplies

use of backup lights.

Buddy diving procedures may include:

monitoring buddy

providing emergency gas to buddy where required.

Techniques to deal with stress may include:

use of backup light or breathing supply

buddy or octopus breathing with buddy

line search

controlled exit from the dive

relaxation or breathing techniques.

Navigation aids may include:

cave map

survey markers

compass

water flow

trogged paths

fixed guidelines and markers.

Use of a cave reel may include:

deploying and retrieving the line

maintaining tension

locking or unlocking the reel.

Exploration techniques may include:

mapping the cave

pushing leads, at the extent of the known cave

use of a Diver Propulsion Vehicle (DPV) in a cave.

Relevant aspects may include:

planning processes

communication systems

cave diving skills and minimal impact techniques

buoyancy control, anti-silting and exploration techniques.